The Vatican Manuscript of Spinoza's Ethica

Brill authors Leen Spruit and Pina Totaro discovered the original manuscript of Spinoza's Ethica"" in the Vatican library. This spectacular discovery attracted a lot of media attention. NRC Handelsblad,, 26th May 2011Radio 1, News, 27th May 2011NOS news, 27th May 2011The Vatican codex, which contains the complete text of Spinozas Ethics, is the only surviving manuscript of this work and constitutes a document of great importance. On 23 September 1677, it was handed over to the Roman Holy Office by Spinozas former friend Niels Stensen who had converted to Catholicism in 1667. Thus, it predates the publication of the Opera Posthuma, which is dated 1677, but which did not in fact appear until the first months of 1678. Recent research and fresh documentation allow us to determine the several stages of the manuscripts life before it reached Rome, where it was kept in the Archive of the Holy Office, and subsequently, transferred to the Vatican Apostolic Library, in 1922.